GPS: A satellite navigation system developed and established by the US Department of Defense, which is capable of providing low-cost, high-precision 3D position, speed, and precise timing navigation information to global users. GPS can provide functions such as vehicle positioning, anti-theft, anti robbery, driving route monitoring, and call command. To achieve all the above functions, GPS terminals, transmission networks, and monitoring platforms must be equipped.

　　GNSS: This system was first developed during the Soviet era and was later continued by Russia. In 1993, Russia began to independently establish its own global satellite navigation system and began operating it in 2007. At that time, only satellite positioning and navigation services were available within Russia. By 2009, its service scope had expanded to the world, and the main services of the system included determining the coordinates and motion speed information of land, sea, and air targets.

　　GSNS: A global satellite navigation and positioning system developed and established by the European Union, which was announced by the European Commission in February 1999. The system consists of 30 satellites with an orbital height of 23616km, including 27 working satellites and 3 backup satellites. The satellite orbit has an altitude of approximately 24000 kilometers and is located in three orbital planes with an inclination angle of 56 degrees. The four major global satellite positioning systems each have their own advantages. The United States' GPS and Russia's GNSS have a wide range of applications and fields, and are currently the two most widely used commercial positioning systems. This is closely related to their early layout, emphasis, and huge investment. China's Beidou satellite navigation system only needs one satellite to complete the entire network, and there is still great room for improvement in the future on the road to popularization.

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