
For navigation and positioning, GPS satellites are dynamic known points.
The position of the satellite is calculated based on the ephemeris (parameters
that describe the satellite's motion and orbit) launched by the satellite. The
ephemeris broadcast by each satellite is provided by the ground monitoring
system. Whether various equipment on the satellite works normally and whether
the satellite has been running along the predetermined orbit should be monitored
and controlled by the ground equipment. Secondly, another important role of the
ground monitoring system is to keep all satellites in the same Time standard,
that is, the GPS time system.
The GPS signal receiver can capture the signals of the selected satellites
to be tested at a certain cut-off angle of satellite height, track the operation
of these satellites, transform, amplify, and process the received GPS signals,
in order to measure the propagation time of the GPS signal from the satellite to
the receiver antenna, interpret the navigation messages sent by the GPS
satellite, and calculate the three-dimensional coordinates, even
three-dimensional velocity and time of the test points in real-time.
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