GPS was developed in the United States since the 1970s. It lasted 20 years and cost $ 20 billion. It was fully completed in 1994. It has a new generation of satellite navigation and positioning system with a full range of real -time three -dimensional navigation and positioning functions in the sea, land, and air. Essence After the use of China's surveying and mapping departments in the past 10 years, GPS has won the trust of the majority of surveying and mapping workers with its significant characteristics of all -weather, high accuracy, automation, and high benefits. , Loading tool navigation and control, crustal motion monitoring, engineering deformation monitoring, resource survey, earth dynamics and other disciplines, thereby bringing a profound technological revolution to the field of surveying and mapping.

GPS is the second -generation satellite navigation system in the United States. It is developed on the basis of the Ziwuyi satellite navigation system, and it adopts the successful experience of the Wuwuyi system. According to the planning plan, the GPS space part uses 24 satellites with a height of about 20,200 kilometers to form a satellite constellation. The 24 satellites are near -circular orbit. The operating cycle is about 11 hours and 58 minutes. It is distributed on the 6 orbit planes (4 per track surface), and the orbital inclination angle is 55 degrees. The distribution of satellites allows more than 4 satellites to observe more than 4 satellites around the world, and can maintain a good positioning and solving geometric graphics. This provides continuous global navigation capabilities in time.

In the 1970s, Lu, Hai, and Air Force jointly developed a new generation of global positioning systems. The main purpose of GPS was to provide real -time, all -weather and global navigation services for Lu, sea, and air forces. After more than 20 years of research experiments, such as more than 20 years of research experiments, such as more than 20 years, by more than 20 years, by more than 20 years, by 1994, 24 GPS satellite constellations with a global coverage rate of 98%have been completed. GPS has gone through the first and second -generation, and has been upgraded to the third generation to maintain its domineering position in the navigation positioning system. GPS is the navigation positioning system with the highest accuracy and wider coverage in the world.

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