What are the GPS positioning methods

　　There are various methods of GPS positioning, and users can use different positioning methods according to different purposes. GPS positioning methods can be divided according to different classification standards as follows:

　　1. According to the observations used for positioning

　　Pseudo-range positioning

　　The observations used in pseudorange positioning are GPS pseudorange observations, and the pseudorange observations used can be either C/A code pseudoranges or P code pseudoranges. The advantages of pseudorange positioning are that the data processing is simple, the requirements for positioning conditions are low, there is no problem of ambiguity in the whole circle, and real-time positioning can be easily realized; The accuracy of the P-code pseudorange is generally 3 meters, and the accuracy of the P-code pseudorange observations is generally about 30 centimeters, resulting in low positioning accuracy. question.

　　Carrier Phase Positioning

　　The observation value used in carrier phase positioning is the carrier phase observation value of GPS, that is, L1, L2 or some linear combination of them. The advantage of carrier phase positioning is that the accuracy of the observation value is high, generally better than 2 mm; its disadvantage is that the data processing process is complicated, and there is a problem of ambiguity in the whole circle.

　　Second, according to the positioning mode

　　Absolute positioning

　　Absolute positioning, also known as single-point positioning, is a mode in which a receiver is used for positioning, and what it determines is the absolute coordinates of the receiver antenna. The feature of this positioning mode is that the operation method is simple and can be operated by a single machine. Absolute positioning is generally used in applications where navigation and accuracy are not critical.

　　Relative positioning

　　Relative positioning is also called differential positioning. This positioning mode uses two or more receivers to observe a group of the same satellites at the same time to determine the mutual positional relationship between the receiver antennas.

　　3. According to the time when the positioning result is obtained

　　real-time positioning

　　Real-time positioning is to calculate the position of the receiver antenna in real time according to the data observed by the receiver.

　　Non-real-time positioning

　　Non-real-time positioning, also known as post-processing positioning, is a method for positioning by post-processing the data received by the receiver.

　　4. According to the movement state of the receiver during positioning

　　Dynamic positioning

　　The so-called dynamic positioning means that when GPS positioning is performed, it is considered that the position of the receiver's antenna changes during the entire observation process. That is, during data processing, the position of the receiver antenna is taken as a quantity that changes over time. Dynamic positioning is divided into two categories: Kinematic and Dynamic.

　　static positioning

　　The so-called static positioning means that when GPS positioning is performed, it is considered that the position of the receiver's antenna remains unchanged during the entire observation process. That is, in data processing, the position of the receiver antenna is regarded as a quantity that does not change with time. In measurement, static positioning is generally used for high-precision measurement and positioning. The specific observation mode is that multiple receivers perform static and synchronous observations at different stations, and the time varies from minutes, hours, or even tens of hours.

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