RTK (real time kinematic) is a technology for real-time dynamic relative positioning based on carrier phase observations. The principle is to send the satellite data observed by the GPS receiver located on the reference station in real time through the data communication link (radio station), while the GPS receiver of the nearby mobile station also receives radio signals from the reference station while observing the satellite. By processing the received signals in real time, the three-dimensional coordinates of the mobile station are given and its accuracy is estimated.

　　When using RTK measurement, at least two GPS receivers should be equipped, one fixed on the reference station and the other as a mobile station for point measurement. A data communication link is also required between the two receivers to send real-time observation data from the reference station to the mobile station. Real time processing of the data received by mobile stations (satellite signals and reference station signals) also requires RTK software, which mainly solves double difference ambiguity, baseline vector, and coordinate conversion.

　　RTK technology can achieve centimeter level positioning accuracy in a short period of time and is widely used in fields such as root control surveying, construction layout, engineering surveying, and topographic surveying. But RTK also has some drawbacks, mainly manifested in the need to set up local reference stations, and the error increases with the distance from the mobile station to the reference station.

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