Application of GPS as Satellite Altimeter

　　Multipath effect is a kind of noise in GPS positioning, and it is still a "disturbance" that is not easy to solve in high-precision GPS positioning. In the past few years, GPS atmospherics has been developed by using the noise caused by the delay of the GPS signal by the atmosphere. At present, GPS altimetry technology is also being developed by using the multi-path effect in GPS positioning, that is, using the airborne GPS as an altimeter for altimetry. It uses the GPS signal reflected by the sea or ice to determine the topography of the sea or ice, and to determine the wave shape, current speed and direction. Usually satellite altimetry or no-load altimetry measures a point, and the continuous measurement result is a section on the reverse plane, while GPS altimetry measures a band with a certain width, so it is possible to determine the undulation (topography) of the reflecting surface . According to reports, during the test, two GPS receivers were installed on the unloaded plane, one antenna was up for positioning the carrier, and the other was down for receiving GPS signals on the reflective surface. The United States conducted experiments at sea to measure ocean currents and waves. Denmark made an experiment to determine the topography of the ice surface and its changes in Greenland.

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